DDL

1.创建数据库

mysql>create database dbname;

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>show databases; 查询mysql的数据库

>use dbname; 使用某个数据库

>show tables; 库里都有哪些表

>desc tablename; 查看表的字段

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>drop table tbalename;删除表

>delete from tablename;删除表内所有的记录

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修改表

修改字段的数据类型

>alter table tablename modify columnname varchar(10);写上更改后的数据类型即可

增加表字段

>alter table tablename add column columnname int;

删除表字段

>alter table tablename drop column columnname;

字段改名

> alter table tablename change oldcolumnname newcolumnname datatype;

更新记录

update tablename set field1=value1,field2=values2,....fieldn=valuen [where condition]

修改字段排列顺序

>alter table talename add columnname datatype after oldcolumnname;\

更改表名

>alter table oldtablename rename newtablename;

复制表

create table tablename as selct * from tablename2;

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主键外键约束在创建表时创建

主键

CREATE TABLE PLAYERS_XXL

(PLAYERNO INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

外键

create table employee

(em_id char(5) not null,

em_name nvarchar2(20) not null,

em_sex char(1) not null,

em_age char(2) not null,

dep_id char(5) not null,

primary key (em_id),

foreign key(dep_id) references department(dep_id));

单独创建主键外键

ALTER TABLE Customers ADD CONSTRAINT PK_Customers PRIMARY KEY (cust_id);

customers 的主键是cust_id

ALTER TABLE OrderItems

ADD CONSTRAINT FK_OrderItems_Orders FOREIGN KEY (order_num) REFERENCES Orders (order_num);

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创建索引

CREATE INDEX PLAY_MAT (索引名)

ON PLAYERS(PLAYERNO), MATCHES(PLAYERNO)

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创建视图

CREATE VIEW TOWNS AS

SELECT DISTINCT TOWN

FROM PLAYERS;

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插入数据

insert into tablename( column1,column2) values (数值1,数值2);

insert into tablename values ( ),();全字段赋值

insert into test1 select * from test1;

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创建存储过程

create or replace procedure pro_aa(salekind in int,salesum in int)

as

var_sum2 int:= 0;

begin

select product_sum into var_sum2 from t1 where product_id=salekind;

if var_sum2 >= salesum

then

update t1 set product_sum=product_sum-salesum where product_id=salekind;

update t2 set sale_sum=sale_sum + salesum where product_id=salekind;

dbms_output.put_line('jiao yi shu liang que ren');

else

dbms_output.put_line('ku cun liang bu zu');

end if;

end;

/

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创建函数

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1.修改mysql中root的密码:

shell>mysql -u root -p

mysql>SET PASSWORD FOR root=PASSWORD("root");

2.远程登录mysql server:(当然server必须首先给某个远程用户授权了)

shell>mysql -h host/ip -u user -p

3.打开数据库:use dbname;

显示所有数据库:show databases;

显示数据库mysql中所有的表:先use mysql;然后show tables;

显示表的列信息:describe user;(显示表mysql数据库中user表的信息);

4.创建一个可以从任何地方连接服务器的一个完全的超级用户,但是必须使用一个口令something做这个

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO monty@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'something' WITH GRANT OPTION;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO monty@"%" IDENTIFIED BY 'something' WITH GRANT OPTION;

flash privileges;

5.删除授权:

REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* FROM root@"%";

USE mysql;

DELETE FROM user WHERE User="root" and Host="%";

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

6. 创建一个用户custom在特定客户端weiqiong.com登录,可访问特定数据库bankaccount

mysql> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP ON bankaccount.*

TO custom@weiqiong.com IDENTIFIED BY 'stupid';

7.重命名表:

ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME t2;

为了改变列a,从INTEGER改为TINYINT NOT NULL(名字一样),

并且改变列b,从CHAR(10)改为CHAR(20),同时重命名它,从b改为c:

ALTER TABLE t2 MODIFY a TINYINT NOT NULL, CHANGE b c CHAR(20);

增加一个新TIMESTAMP列,名为d:

ALTER TABLE t2 ADD d TIMESTAMP;

在列d上增加一个索引,并且使列a为主键:

ALTER TABLE t2 ADD INDEX (d), ADD PRIMARY KEY (a);

删除列c:

ALTER TABLE t2 DROP COLUMN c;

增加一个新的AUTO_INCREMENT整数列,命名为c:

ALTER TABLE t2 ADD c INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,ADD INDEX (c);

注意,我们索引了c,因为AUTO_INCREMENT柱必须被索引,并且另外我们声明c为NOT NULL,

因为索引了的列不能是NULL。

8.删除记录:

DELETE FROM t1 WHERE C>10;

6.改变某几行:

UPDATE t1 SET user=weiqiong,password=weiqiong;

7.使用name列的头10个字符创建一个索引:

CREATE INDEX part_of_name ON customer (name(10));

8.设置存储引擎

set storage_engine = InnoDB;

-- set storage_engine = MyISAM;

-- set storage_engine = Falcon;

-- set storage_engine = PBXT;

-- set storage_engine = Maria;

select CONCAT('storage engine: ', @@storage_engine) as INFO;查看当前使用的是那样的存储引擎;

9.查看当前的数据库

. 通过函数database()实现

mysql> SELECT database();

. 通过show tables实现

mysql> show tables;

注:注意查看列头形式, 格式为:Tables_in_[db_name]

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. 通过status实现

mysql> status;

注:注意结果中的"Current database"信息